Now-a-days, Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are used widely to automate systems that can use the resource and time efficiently. Some of the well-known problems experienced in everyday life are games and puzzles. Using AI techniques, we can solve these problems efficiently. Some of the most common problems resolved by AI are:

• • Travelling Salesman Problem
• • Tower of Hanoi Problem
• • Water-Jug Problem
• • N-Queen Problem
• • Chess
• • Sudoku
• • Crypt-arithmetic Problems
• • Magic Squares
• • Logical Puzzles and so on.

Problem Solving on AI:

On the basis of the problem and their working domain, different types of problem-solving agents are defined and used at an atomic level with a problem-solving algorithm. The problem-solving agent performs precisely by defining problems and several solutions. So we can say that problem solving is a part of artificial intelligence that encompasses a number of techniques such as a tree, B-tree, heuristic algorithms to solve a problem. We can also say that a problem-solving agent is a result-driven agent and always focuses on satisfying the goals.

Steps problem-solving in AI:

The problem of AI is directly associated with the nature of humans and their activities. So, we need a number of finite steps to solve a problem which makes human easy works.

These are the following steps which require to solve a problem:

Goal Formulation: This one is the first and simple step in problem-solving. It organizes finite steps to formulate a target/goal which require some action to achieve the goal. Today the formulation of the goal is based on AI agents.

Problem formulation: It is one of the core steps of problem-solving which decides what action should be taken to achieve the formulated goal. In AI this core part is dependent upon software agent which consisted of the following components to formulate the associated problem.

Components to formulate the associated problem:

• • Initial State: This state requires an initial state for the problem which starts the AI agent towards a specified goal. In this state new methods also initialize problem domain solving by a specific class.
• • Action: This stage of problem formulation works with function with a specific class taken from the initial state and all possible actions done in this stage.
• • Transition: This stage of problem formulation integrates the actual action done by the previous action stage and collects the final stage to forward it to their next stage.
• • Goal test: This stage determines that the specified goal achieved by the integrated transition model or not, whenever the goal achieves stop the action and forward into the next stage to determines the cost to achieve the goal.
• • Path costing: This component of problem-solving numerical assigned what will be the cost to achieve the goal. It requires all hardware software and human working cost.

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